Aircraft wing explained....

PROLOG

  Have you ever wonder what would an aircraft will be if the wings were absent?... why would a wing so important that various models of wings had been created through times...? or why would an aircraft engineer assemble's those aircraft with wings, which actually adding weight through out the aircraft..?

we'll those question were running through my head every times, so I decide to search for answers. and here's it the answers.

  

  "The design and analysis of the wings of aircraft is one of the principal applications of the science of aerodynamics, which is a branch of fluid mechanics. The properties of the airflow around any moving object can - in principle - be found by solving the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics. However, except for simple geometries these equations are notoriously difficult to solve. Fortunately, simpler explanations can be described." (source: wikipedia).

  "Good wings design would eventually be a good aircraft design"

STRUCTURE OF A WING.(Airfoils)

(simple structure of an airfoil)

  

  Before we continue to analyze the structure of an airfoil, we'll first understand the formula of Bernoulli's principle's. and it's application's.

  "Bernoulli's principle's states that the faster the airflow moves, the less pressure it exerts, that means when an airflow moves faster at the top of an object would result in a lift force moving upwards from the higher pressure below to the lower pressure above.".........

  

• Bernoulli's principle can be used to calculate the lift force on an airfoil if the behaviour of the fluid flow in the vicinity of the foil is known. For example, if the air flowing past the top surface of an aircraft wing is moving faster than the air flowing past the bottom surface, then Bernoulli's principle implies that the pressure on the surfaces of the wing will be lower above than below. This pressure difference results in an upwards lifting force. Whenever the distribution of speed past the top and bottom surfaces of a wing is known, the lift forces can be calculated (to a good approximation) using Bernoulli's equations^[27] – established by Bernoulli over a century before the first man-made wings were used for the purpose of flight. Bernoulli's principle does not explain why the air flows faster past the top of the wing and slower past the underside. To understand why, it is helpful to understand circulation, the Kutta condition, and theKutta–Joukowski theorem.(source : wikipedia).

  to make matters clear, let's us see the picture below.

      

   Airfoils were designed in such way to create a higher and dense pressure on the bottom of and eventually become streamlined at the top of it, to allow more flow at the top and create lift .For creating lift's airfoils first would have to interact by a fast moving fluid (air), by increasing and decreasing the "Angle of attack" of the foil ( thus this was achieved by moving other integral parts of the aircraft such as eg: aileron,flaperon ....etc). which would also increase or decrease the amount of moving fluid below and above the foil. Thus achieving lift. Also to be concerned is the amount of the angle of attack, if the angle of attack is to high, than the pressure below will be overlapse and left the parts above with no running flow. this will eventually became a major cause of stall on aircraft. By the opposite if the angle of attack is too low, the interaction between the flow and the foil will be not effective, thus not achieving sufficient amount of pressure below the foils to create lift to the surface, without sufficient lift forces, an aircraft wouldn't fly eventually.

  THE USE OF WINGS

  After we understand the structure of an airfoil, we come to understand  the application of wings  in daily lives, wings are not exclusively used only by aircraft. 

  Other than that, wings are known to be use for cars, for example, the Formula 1 race cars used airfoils to create traction at high speed on tracks in order to prevent cars to crash during steep turn. 

  Wings are the main parts  of para-gliders,gliding parachutes and etc.

  Ship are known to use stabilizers ( which resembles the airfoils) placed underwater to achieve stability and  comfort thus preventing passenger's from sea sicks.